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A2 level Information Communication Technology - Unit 4
Information Systems
We now live in the Information Society where improvements in information availability and manipulation coupled with vastly improved communications has meant that organisations are now able to store, retrieve, manipulate and communicate quickly and accurately. This information can better enable the decision making process. Those organisations able to be the quickest to react to the changes will be at the forefront of their industry.
Types of information systems
Data processing systems:
- Designed to carry out the day to day processing operations
- Accounting
- Invoicing
- Stock Control
- Order entry
- Payroll
- Used as the basis of information to be processed by operational and management information systems.
Operational information systems:
- Designed in such a way as to aid decision making
- A college timetable system which produced reports on class sizes, teaching staff and rooms allocated as well as individual student timetables.
Management information systems:
- Designed to ‘convert data from internal and external sources into information, communicated in an appropriate form to managers at different levels of an organisation. The information enables effective decisions or appropriate planning to be carried out’ (Mott, Julian and Leeming, Anne Information and Communication Technology (2003) Hodder and Stoughton Educational, London)
- Usually based on one or more databases
- A sales manager will perhaps require a report showing the sales for a geographic area and / or by salesman
- A production manager will require a report showing stock levels currently and anticipated sales.
- To be effective the reports should be in an appropriate form that is up to date and accurate with the correct level of detail for his job.
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